Brent Everett Christening

SOME FACTORS THAT ENHANCE THE NEGLIGENCE OF DRUG EDUCATION AND DRUG

Pretender find a determining cause why people use or not or misused drugs or too much to ask. Hardly find a single reason that condition individual choices or why some people choose to take their responsibilities and others decide to abandon it. Often combine different factors that make an impact or other response in relation to consumption and set of relationships that the person provides to itself and its environment. Are many and various factors that may influence significantly negligent use of drugs.

Here we highlight some of these factors presented from two perspectives (personal and social), analytical purposes only, they are two categories of reality:


a) From a personal perspective.

• Values. The life and personal dignity. The value that each person gives to his own life and dignity are important factors in relation to negligent use or no drug. When a person thinks and acts in the belief that "life is shit" the same can eat, drive, work or play casually. If a person appreciates his life, hardly the jeopardized. When a person values \u200b\u200bhis life and recognizes his own dignity is unlikely that your use of drugs, a weapon, food or a vehicle is negligent. The principles and values \u200b\u200bthat are determining a person acquires on negligent or consumption of drugs and other types of social conflict. Self-esteem, self-esteem and acceptance of what is or is not everyone, are often important factors in the presence or absence of various conflicts of behavior and personal responsibility. A person with dignity, recognition and self-esteem and hardly endangers their health or their lives. People who use drugs in a negligent manner, attacking their own welfare, show your personal understatement, his own discomfort. It is pertinent to note that the dignity and self worth are personal and social constructions, at once and inseparably.

• Pleasure. Search wellness, pleasure or happiness. It is considered one of the legitimate objectives of human beings. There are people who focus their search for happiness or pleasure exclusively on the use of drugs socialized exclusion of other forms of pleasure. The pleasure of drug us into the world of hedonism, a world of temptations and choices, profit and loss. The world of pleasures and displeasures confronts us with our capacities for self-control and self-learning.

• evasion. The use of drugs for personal escape and socially is a fact, a social reality. All people have their ways evasion or less standard, every culture accepted regulated and prohibited forms of evasion. There are people that instead of taking responsibility for their lives, their conflicts or their actions opt for trying to escape through drugs:

- Del discomfort.
- In their own responsibilities.
- In a reality of conflict (family, social ...).
- In the sense of failure.
- From the feeling of helplessness.
- from feelings of guilt.
- From boredom, apathy and indolence.
- From insecurity and shyness.
- De ...

• Disinhibition: "Being another" do or say the wrong thing to do or not would not use drugs. Do not feel suppressed, "no cut", "having more small talk." Using drugs to get inhibitions is also a feature of our present culture. There are drugs which are credited with the capacity to facilitate social communication and personal relationships.

• Identification, imitation. Consumption can be a form of identification with the group: it encourages a sense of belonging and may constitute a particular kind of identity. Children and young people have a tendency to imitate and try to identify with their immediate environment (family, friends)

• Curiosity, morbid, transgression. The lure of the forbidden. The desire to experience new sensations. Freud gave us the idea that what makes you want banned. The pleasure of the forbidden, the risk.


b) From a social perspective.

• Prohibition. The ban is probably the most important factor in neglect. Criminalization and pathologizing of consumers leads them into hiding and using drugs without any warranty or quality control. The effects of a ban are catastrophic (spread of infection, production of crime, prison, death, shame, stigma, exclusion).

• The ontological view of biological and social responses to the relationships people establish with ideas, things or actions.

• Disinformation. The lack of authoritative information, plural, objective and truthful becomes a substance safe in a dangerous substance. The less information available to consumers most at risk when using them. The right to pluralistic information, based, truthful and responsible is a prerequisite for doing a bad use of drugs. Misinformation, biased or distorted information are key factors in the negligent use of drugs.

• Poor social education. Systems and non-formal education have "failed" in the education of values. Ethics, citizenship or are living in off-peak times, although they can be fashionable. We often forget that any claim of freedom and responsibility go through a commitment and recognition of personal ethics and community: rights, freedoms and responsibilities.

• The environment and lifestyle. Both the environment and lifestyle factors are considered much more decisive (in the quality of life or death rates) that the biology and the role which may have public and private systems of healing.

• Economic factors. The drug trade (legal and illegal) handsome profit moves creating a range of cultural interests that facilitate its perpetuation.

• Synthesis. The synthesis of pharmaceutical active ingredients in a large number of psychoactive substances that enhances the effects and facilitates their transport and distribution.

• social neglect. A social attitude negligent dissemination of uses, giving rise to a justification, advertising, fashion and consumption interested apologies negligent ("sex, drugs y. ..," "Live fast, die young and leave a beautiful corpse", "Barra Free, "" You take one and we'll give you another, "" Do not worry, be happy. ") Campaigns for" prevention "with no results or even become counterproductive.

• The media and institutional identification among young people and drugs, young and irresponsible, young and fun and young and "high-risk social behavior" creates a social impression that tends to become reality: Pygmalion effect.

• Social conflicts. Power struggles. Value conflicts, ideological, economic, habits ...

Things

Social education.

Does Penis Tucking Damage The Penis

: USES OF DRUG EDUCATION SOCIAL

drugs and their uses.

The drugs have been used and are used with different personal and social purposes. On the sources of knowledge that we provide historians, anthropologists, mythological, ethnologists, sociologists, archaeologists and linguists, to name a few, we can argue that the use of each drug is inseparable from culture. Although certain groups and states insist on how bad and dangerous drugs are, the reality is quite another. Drugs have been, are and probably will be a valuable asset in the private and public, in time and space. The links between drugs as belonging to multiple cultures, myths and religions are a constant and historical evidence. The arts, music, painting, literature, sculpture, science and psychoanalysis are not oblivious to the social and personal uses of varied drugs and their effects. The overlap of drugs in the most subtle and varied crevices of Culture is a reality, they are made, are customs that can not be ignored or denied.

drugs have been used and are used, depending on the time and place:

• To alter consciousness.

• As a means to achieve wellness. As a way to get pleasure, avoidance or disinhibition, relaxation, arousal, sleep.

• As a way to facilitate artistic and intellectual expression.

• To facilitate the activities magical, mystical or religious (alteration of consciousness, to communicate with gods or spirits, as a divine symbol ...)

• As food.

• As a way to combat famine.

• As drug: healing remedy or deadly poison as the dose used.

• As a commodity and a currency: business.

• To facilitate contact and social relations.

• To alleviate hunger and fatigue.

• To facilitate sex.

• As the form of social control.

• As a political weapon and war.


All these applications show the complexity of the phenomenon and the inability to explain such complexity from simplistic discourses and exclusionary, biased and stakeholders such as the ethical-legal, the medical-psychiatric science or facts. From social education or drug addiction are not objects of work, education belong to other disciplines. As we said from the relevant social work education on personal and social responsibility in the negligent use or drug diligent. Work on the ethics of a decent life, life as a value, esteem, empowerment and personal autonomy.

Speaking of the use of a drug we have to underline a basic difference in this issue: the good use (or use reasonable diligence) and misuse (or negligent use.)


Good use or unreasonable.

What is meant by a reasonable use? A good use, use it diligently. The use that can make an adult with truthful information when its responsibilities. We understand that any adult is capable of ethical and civilly to decide what is best for her, what he should or not without professional tutelage and interference state.

A reasonable use is to use an informed, knowledgeable. Is a use that is not apparent harm to those who consume but a benefit. Fair use is not seeking the adverse effects of misuse or neglect. A person consume wine does not mean or want to get drunk or that it is "alcoholic."


Misuse or careless use.

What do we mean by neglect?: Misuse. That use of that emerges a real threat to consumer welfare. We understand that negligent use has harmful effects for the consumer but are not desired or wanted it. It is worth noting the difference between a negligent use and suicidal use (in this case if the aim is to end life.)

In everyday language are often used the terms "responsible use" and "irresponsible use" but are not appropriate to treat it with some rigor. When an adult decides to use a drug can do good or bad, reasonably or negligently, but in both cases, there is personal responsibility. You can only raise the case of irresponsibility in the field of minors and legally incapacitated persons. It is also common to use the term "abuse" by which is meant a non-professional use, ie for professionals (doctors, pharmacists ...) the "fair use" is what they do.

"Drug abuse" is another expression currently widely used by professionals and the media. The idea of \u200b\u200babuse is, obviously, metaphoric and lax abuse because in principle refers to relationships between people or animals, but not about things.

Things

Social education.

Is Nose Bleeds Std Symptoms

: HABIT AND ADDICTION AND DEPENDENCY VERSUS habituation.

From the educational point of view on how to use a substance, how a subject relates to food, your body or to the Internet has to do with ethics (life as a value or as tragedy , dignity, esteem), with the habits and customs, social and personal responsibilities. The involvement and participation responsibility and personal choice (ethics and civil) is not always unique but essential condition for the prevention and resolution of specific conflicts.

historically has distinguished the term drug dependence of habituation or habituation. Habituation is characterized by a desire not "binge" of the drug and if it causes any damage is individual and not for the community. [1] Most of what is now classified as disease, behavior problems or maladjustment are essentially questions of values, habits and personal and social responsibility. [2] society, professionals and institutions are reluctant to admit that what they disapprove of and define as a problem (sin, crime, disease, immorality), for the person at issue is a solution (to be considered morally good or bad). The theoretical increase in "behavioral disturbances" or "social maladjustment" is a reflection of a political conflict of social control that is approached from the discourses and social practices and socio-educational treatment. [3]

habituation When we tend to forget that man is a creature of habit and tend to make many different kinds of habits and accustomed When we speak of habituation habituation can refer to physical, emotional, intellectual, psychological, sensory, mythic or ritual, personal or social. Thus, we can observe relationships between habituation or habituation:

Person and sex.	Person and sport.
Person and television	Person and sleep.
individuals and couples.	Person and work.
Person risk.	person and music.
person and talk.	Person and play.
person and meal.	Person and power.
Person and shopping.	Person and ...

Who or what determines the relationship established between person and gender, person and work, person or person food and drugs? Does the person or work? Does the person or the food? Does the person or sex? Does the person or drugs? Deterministic theories tend to attribute to substances, activities or things that are disabling properties to the subjects. To us it seems clear that he has the capacity to determine the relationships established are people. It is people who use good or bad things or doing things right or wrong, not vice versa. It is people who have abilities and rights to decide, to choose, to make mistakes or learn.

FACTORS INVOLVED IN habituation.

There is some consensus to raise three factors involved in habituation: [4]

1. subject characteristics.

§ Age.

§ Knowledge of the substance, action or idea.

§ cultural level.

§ socio-economic level.

§ maturity, values, self esteem, personal balance ...

§ Grounds of application: medical, self-knowledge, playful, elusive, peer pressure, insecurity, low self-esteem, fashion ...

§ Frequency practice in question (daily, weekly, sporadic, etc.).

§ down Rituals (procurement, preparation or consumption, fasting, vomiting, practiced physical ...).

§ subjective effects ("placebo"), powers and personal mythology.

2. socio-cultural environment.

§ Legality or illegality, rejection or acceptance of substance, action or idea: the greater the repression, stigmatization and discrimination more problems for the general welfare of the people.

§ Lifestyle and environmental quality.

§ social values \u200b\u200bon drugs, diets, "bodies 10 ", beauty, games, avoidance, lack of inhibition. Place every practice in every age, culture and social group.

§ Securities and habits of social group membership on the substance, action or idea in question. Standard types of social practices (advertising, advocacy, acceptance, rejection). Social and stigma mark on each of the habits (drugs, actions or ideas).

§ social mythology about drugs, body image, play, amusement or pleasure. Beliefs and attributes that characterize each event, as time and place.

3. Ideas, actions, substances.

§ actions, rituals and objective and subjective effects.

§ ideas about body image, beauty, fun, life ... ("Live fast, die young and leave a beautiful corpse "sex, drugs and ...," Do not worry, be happy "," drink till you drop ").

§ much more relevant is the ethical capacity and personal responsibility (good or misuse) the drug or psychoactive properties.

§ Pharmacological Properties: Effects objectives and subjective on the body and mind.

§ drugs. Capable of producing well, remove the "pain", evade, disinhibiting, altered consciousness (drug, exercise, food).

§ dose. Amount of substance used (unit).

§ Toxicity and "margin of safety." Consumption path (oral, injected ...).

The drug, food or the Internet does not have properties able to "enslave" anyone. What matters are the relationships that individuals and institutions establish themselves, with things, with their own ideas and their environment. The effects depend on the use (good or bad) that make each type of thing or have ideas about themselves, their own identity, their self-esteem or dignity. Put another way, people are almost always responsible for what they do get it right or wrong. Dominant models often elude the sociocultural emphasis on the properties of substances and reducing the conflict to the scope of the subject. symbolic and cultural issues or ideas we have of things (drugs, image, Red) have effects much more determinative than things themselves.

---

[1] Escohotado, A. (1989). Drug History (Vol. 3) . Madrid. Ed Alliance

[2] "Habit. (From Lat. "Habitus", der.'s "Habere" Haber.) "
(" Acquire, Take, Take, Take, Take, Start, Remove "). "Peculiarity of the behavior of a person or animal that is to repeat the same action or do a certain thing in exactly the same way, or willingness to do so. Generally called "habit" to the customs more unconscious, as opposed to "custom" is not common to this designation qualifications and moral evaluations: (...). "Habituation" (fem.) Action and effect of habituate or accustom. Particularly to a drug, therefore, ceases to be effective. "

Source: Maria Moliner, Dictionary of use of English. Edit. Gredos, Madrid, 1991.

[3] Szasz, T. (1992). The second sin. Barcelona. . Edic Martínez Roca.

[4] Escohotado, A. (1989). History of drug (Vol. 3). Ed Alliance

Things

Social education.

What Restaurant Has Hats With Sayings

ON THE PREVENTION OF ADDICTION AND UNITS. REFLECTIONS ON EDUCATION

Each type of habit, each pattern of negligent behavior has its own characteristics and should not treat all with the same parameters (drugs, food, body worship, play ...). Extrapolate reviews of a subject to another, from one substance to another, from drugs to sex or Internet to food in biological terms is a deterministic and dogmas of our time. Here we present schematically different definitions and different approaches being proposed or imposed for the prevention from different institutions and authors.

key policies on the prevention depend on the type of problem to which it relates (drugs, food, game, Internet, mobile, sex ...). The general trend in the case of drugs is prevention through enforcement (legal, police, health, moral or educational). [1] The dominant positions are not considered competent adult citizens to decide for themselves what suits them or not, even to self-medicate. Policies, laws and professional service to guardianship and repression of citizens (medicines, drugs, snuff, food ...).

In the case of eating disorders, gambling, the Internet or mobile phone models are dominant socio-health, psychosocial and socio-pathological. In general, the dominant discourses are best fit to the dominant ideologies. The dominant models excluded socio-medical, in fact, assessments of environmental, social and economic. It copies in many ways the strategies with drugs like exaltation and magnification of the negative and harmful effects, stigmatizing and criminalizing behavior patterns. It covers the bad habits or careless habits individualized, psiquiatrizando psychologized and conflicts that being personal, they are also social and cultural rights, namely, in what proportion each.

understand that prevention practices negligent (drugs, food, games ...) depends on aspects such as personal dignity, self-esteem or life as universal and inalienable values. Since education is required specialized social reflection that transcends the boundaries and legal health. Social education must rethink his whole speech and shedding the dogmas and prejudices health. The fact that social workers generally work on these issues but not educational institutions but also socio-medical or criminal determines the models that are assumed in everyday practice. In fact no social education has its own discourse, elaborated, coherent and informed about addictions and dependencies but that from the legal, economic, medical, psychological or sociological develop strategies and educational activities.

Today there is a greater awareness on prevention to avoid repeating what has failed or has proved counterproductive irresponsabilización, penalties, psychiatric solution of the problem, household false or alarmist. [2] must avoid falling into voluntarism and isolation or impose specific models, values \u200b\u200band habits of the subjects of education. Although the official campaigns dominant and politically correct still insist on ethical qualities attributed to drugs and trying to as disabled people who need professional guidance.


on prevention strategies.

Following the strategies in place regarding negligent drug consumption are extrapolated to other problems (food, image, game, NTIC) certain prevention practices:

• Strategy training: professional training, stakeholder involvement, impact on the "causes" versus the consequences and implement programs and projects that are maintained over time and trying to adapt the actions to the population that goes into the social context [3].
• Information strategy: the more thorough and accurate information, clarity and simplicity ("inaccuracies, half truths, exaggerations, generalizations and sensationalism excessive kill credibility.") [4]
• strategy alternatives: they are offering alternatives that impinge on the causes of the problem in question. Alternative education, sports, entertainment, intellectual, vocational, participation ... [5]

levels of prevention.

prevention levels down from the already traditional, social and health division between:

• Primary prevention. The actions are performed before the onset of conflict.
• Secondary prevention. Actions are performed with subjects with negligent habits.
• Tertiary Prevention. Actions are usually aimed at reducing damage from people who have serious problems with their lax habits.

Contexts prevention.

• Social Education: special education, adult education and socio-cultural.
• Non-formal education.
• school context.
• Work context.
• Media.
• Prisons.
• Hospitals.
• day or outpatient centers.
• neighborhood associations, civic ...
• Youth Centers.
• Seniors.
• Adults.
• Young

regard to the prevention of drugs, the National Drug Plan states:

"Prevention basically aims:

• sensitize and mobilize society to create a culture of rejection of drugs by promoting their own values \u200b\u200band resources.
• inform and educate our citizens, especially children and young people to develop positive lifestyles, healthy and independent. "[6]

"This paragraph refers to a set of policies and programs that seek a reduction in the desire to obtain and use illegal drugs and designated generally by the term" demand reduction. " Included in this type of preventive strategies and educational programs to discourage users or potential users to experiment with illegal drugs or continue to use, treatment programs directed primarily at facilitating the withdrawal, the reduction in the frequency or dose used, or substitution programs (eg. methadone), programs that provide education or treatment as alternatives to prison. Also be included under this heading the action on risk factors to reduce the influence of the factors that contribute to drug use, both legal and illegal, and the performance on the protection factors based on policies health promotion. " [7]

The European Strategy on Drugs (2005-2012) for demand reduction prevention arises as follows:

"significant reduction of drug abuse, dependence and the risks to health and society from drugs, through the development and improvement of a system of demand reduction global and knowledge-based to include measures for the prevention, early intervention, treatment, reducing injury, rehabilitation and social reintegration in the EU Member States. The measures to reduce demand should take into account the problems related to health and social tests caused by the consumption of illegal drugs and multiple drugs in combination with illegal drugs, the snuff, alcohol and drugs " [8].

Medical Center University of Maryland presents us with the following definition:

"Drug dependence (addiction) is the compulsive use of a substance despite negative consequences, which may be severe, drug abuse is simply excessive use of a drug or used for purposes other than medical purposes.

Physical dependence on a substance (needing a drug to function) is not necessary or sufficient to define addiction. There are some substances that cause addiction but do cause physical dependence (for example, some blood pressure medications) and substances that cause addiction but not classic physical dependence (for example, cocaine withdrawal not have symptoms like vomiting and chills, but instead is mainly characterized by depression). [9]

With the development of Internet and its exponential growth have also appeared the first cases of addiction, dependence or psychopathology (according to the paradigm of departure) related to the network. "The disorder dependence of the network is known by many names: Internet addiction disorder-Internet Addiction Disorder (IAD) - (Goldberg, 1995), compulsive Internet use (Morahan-Martin and Schumacker, 1997), or use pathological Internet - Pathological Internet Use (PIU) - (Young & Rodgers, 1998b). "[10] Dr. Kimberly Young, of the University of Pittsburgh and created the Center for On-Line Addiction has established a set of criteria for diagnosing the addiction syndrome Internet (InfoAdicction Disorder, IAD). Internet addiction "is a deterioration in control of their use appears as a set of cognitive symptoms, behavioral and physiological. That is, the person 'netdependiente' make extensive use of Internet this has sparked a distortion of his personal goals, family or professional. [11]

"Addiction Internet can be considered a psychological addiction specifically (such as addiction to sex, shopping, work, video games, television, etc.), with common characteristics with other types of addiction: loss of control, withdrawal symptoms appear, excessive use of addiction, strong psychological dependence, interference in daily life and loss of interest in other activities.

Regarding general addictions psychiatrist Francisco Alonso-Fernandez said that the problems appear (and also on Internet) where "there is a absolute need to develop the business and experience anxiety if not carried out. "

Marquis, have said in relation to risks in the careless use of video games:

"In general, users of video games tend not to isolate themselves from their peers and friends on the contrary seek company many times to play and colleagues with whom to exchange programs, magazines and tricks. However, the addiction that we have discussed may lead that at some point the video game users get too excited with a program (alone or in company) and we devote a disproportionate amount of time, leaving other tasks including (a phenomenon which incidentally also happens to us sometimes when reading a novel or exciting carry out a particular "hobby"). In most cases, within days of addiction and everything will be back to normal.

only people with prior psychological problems can become insanely enclosed in the gaming world gradually disconnecting the other realities of their environment (peers, social obligations, personal care, etc.) and suffer other serious personality and behavior.

In some cases this addiction can cause excessive stress and eye strain and, coupled with bad positions on the machine and prolonged stress states, may lead to muscle pain and even cause spinal problems . For these symptoms is to be hoped that common sense of the players (that works well when the laces appear to play too much football, for example) impose an appropriate break in this activity. In the case of young children and parents are the ones who should guide their children with these symptoms, especially if they have suffered nervous problems, seizures, dizziness ...". [12]

The task of defining when conduct is negligent or not, define "addiction" to Internet, food, gambling or drugs is starting something a problem for its complexity. The social debate on drugs (prohibition / legalization) is a clear example of the different social positions, ethical and scientific on the subject. No less controversial problems seem extreme as those that can lead to anorexia. We understand that any definition is dynamic and varies by person, the context, substance, action, habit, laws, moral or historical moment. The factors involved in the relationships established between individuals and communities covering a wide range of items to consider: symbolic and linguistic, biological and cultural, personal and social.

The biggest criticism we can make to the dominant models has to do with their skewed view of their analysis to eliminate language issues, ethnic, anthropological, economic, responsibility and personal freedom reducing all speech organizational issues, "disorders or diseases. The habits and behavioral patterns that can be classified as negligent can not erase the subject, his biography, his desires, your goals, your own language or their own personal ethics. On behalf of prevention can not limit the choice and responsibility of individuals.



[1] XTEC. "Prevention of drug addiction." [Online]. <. http://www.xtec.es/~imarias/drogas.htm>. [Query: February 23, 2006].

[2] Canal addiction. "Strategies in prevention. " [Online]. <. http://www.risolidaria.org.es/canales/canal_drogadiccion/ 3_estrategias/estrategias1.jsp>. [Accessed: March 2006].

[3] Canal addiction. "Strategy training." [Online]. <. http://www.risolidaria.org.es/canales/canal_drogadiccion/ 3_estrategias/estrategias3.jsp>. [Accessed: March 2006].

[4] Channel addiction. "Information strategy." [Online]. <. http://www.risolidaria.org.es/canales/canal_drogadiccion/ 3_estrategias/estrategias2.jsp>. [Accessed: March 2006].

[5] Canal addiction. "To offer alternatives." [Online]. <. http://www.risolidaria.org.es/canales/canal_drogadiccion/ 3_estrategias/estrategias4.jsp>. [Accessed: March 2006].

[6] National Drug Plan. [Online]. <.http://www.pnsd.msc.es/Categoria3/prevenci/areaPrevencion/home.htm>. [Accessed November 2005].

[7] National Plan on Drugs. [Online]. <.http://www.pnsd.msc.es/Categoria3/prevenci/home.htm>. [Accessed November 2005].

[8] Op Cit.

[9] University of Maryland, [Online]. <. http://www.umm.edu/esp_ency/article/001522.htm>. [Accessed: March 2006].

[10] Madrid López, Nacho. Internet addiction. [Online]. <. http://www.psicologia-online.com/colaboradores/nacho/ainternet.htm>.

[11] Internet Addiction. [Online]. <.www.ianet.com/www/netad.htm>. [Query: February 2005].

[12] Marques, P. Video games. [Online]: < . http://dewey.uab.es/pmarques/videojue.htm [Publicado: 22 de diciembre de 2004.][Consulta: 1 de julio de 2006.]

Education

social Things .

Kinofilms.tv/film/baryshni-iz-vilko/23887/

"addiction" and "UNITS"

"Many men, like children, want one thing but not its consequences"
Ortega y Gasset.

Category addiction or dependency is socially and professionally used to refer to conflicts of various kinds, so we can find multiple references to drug addiction, work, food, the exercise, the phone, chat, internet video games or sex. The identification of certain patterns of behavior classified as addictive or dependence applied to drugs, food, gambling, sex ... has a metaphorical component scientific or epistemological. The careless use of drugs, negligent guidelines with food or negligent use of Internet can not be identified and reduced to a simple chemical reaction, and a compulsion or a disease. While we defend certain similarities in these patterns, have nothing to do with the order of the biological, genetic or pathological, in any case, the common factors we have to put them in the register of the ethical and social. The concept of addiction is often used synonymously with dependence (in the case of drugs, drug dependence or addiction). Addiction, dependence, and sometimes drug often used as synonyms, but each of the concepts has a different etymological origins and denotative and connotative meanings that distinguish them from each other. Unit, as defined by Maria Moliner, means "being one thing with another in such a relationship the other determines that such other is engaged or not engaged or is made one way or another" . [1] The concept of dependency is often used synonymously with subject, slavery, submission, obedience, subordination or lack of freedom. This definition states that the relationship between subject and drugs (subject and food, and play subject, subject and subject sex or Internet) one of the two elements determines the other. What is the element that has the ability to determine the other? We as educators can only put us from the premises of the personal and institutional responsibility (ethically and legally). For us who have the ability to determine the relationship established is the subject, thus there is no such state of dependency, but ethical capacity and personal choice. In our modern societies real units we can observe are: children, teenagers, "sick", "disabled" or old depending on their families, professionals and institutions.

Addicted means to be a supporter, as an admirer or respectful of certain ideas or political doctrines, religious or otherwise. [2] official medicine Since this meaning is distorted by the inability to resist a drug, food, sex, new technologies ... These concepts have a pathological character speech introducing us to the organic, medical and / or psychiatric. The drug, made up of toxic and mania (poison and madness) is a definition that brings us fully into the world of psychiatry and mental illness. [3]

Under these premises, the subjects (consumers drugs, eating disorders, problems with the game ...) are often seen as sick and disabled. The "addiction" and "dependencies" are reduced the order of the biological and pathological excluding the subjects, their speeches, their desires, their wishes and intentions and cultural implications . [ 4] Ocampo, us that medical discourse has not been alone in reducing the drug problem [ problems with food, with the game, with the image ... ] [5] the signs, police also, social workers, lawyers, officials, sociologists and educators have been imbued, from the medical discourse on the world of organic signs, ignoring the signs for alone are not significant. [6]

Being classified as incompetent, mentally ill or dependent, creates stigmas, some spaces will be occupied by institutions, professionals, NGOs and philanthropists more. The category of irresponsible, historically associated with the "social risk" applied to the subject aims to dispose of the will of the people and sets out guidelines to follow and places to occupy in the institutionalized discourse. [7] speech constitutes a specific time when the power converge, the legality, morality and the scientific dogma (illegal or legal, good or bad, sick or well, error or truth). [8] are talks that address the conflict, habits and customs from ontological dichotomy and exclusion from the relationships and processes.

should be stressed that these types of "disease" have been discovered (viruses, bacteria, fractures, etc.) But have been built and established, as appropriate, political, legal, moral, social and / or sanitary. [9] As also have been or are based on location and historical moment, heresy, laughter, masturbation, homosexuality, sexual promiscuity, single mother, be a Marxist or bourgeois. [10]

With the metaphorical, if not corrupt, language, religious myths of the Old Regime was we face today as a disease, illness or abnormality in all its forms (genetic, biological, physical, mental, emotional, moral or social). Medical science from its beginnings morphed meanings and stigmas of sin to significant error, failure or no reason. [11] Today, health systems and mental health, institutionalized since the Rule of Law, have taken punitive saving mission: health is Good and illness (madness, addiction, drug addiction, promiscuity, "social risk", immorality, sexual deviation, maladjustment, dissent, anorexia, bulimia, obesity, pathological gambling) Evil [12] There is a wide social tradition, "scientific" and which identifies the legal social subject with the moral subject.

---

[1] Maria Moliner, use English Dictionary . Edit. Gredos, Madrid, 1991.

[2] The Royal English Academy defines addiction as "Habit who lets himself be dominated by the use of one or more toxic drugs, or excessive fondness for certain games. "

[3] Escohotado, A. (1989). History Drugs (Vol. 3). Ed Alliance

[4] Vera Ocampo, Eduardo; "Drugs, and substance abuse psychoanalysis." Edit. Paidos, Buenos Aires, Argentina. 1988.

[5] Emphasis added.

[6] OP. Cit.

[7] Savater, Fernando . Clinical status. Review: Keys of practical reason, ISSN 1130-3689, N º 1, 1990, pags. 18-25.

[8] Foucault, M. (1990). 's life infamous men. Ediciones de La Piquette, Madrid.

[9] Thomas SAS. (1993). Our right to drugs. Barcelona. Edit. Anagram.

[10] Alvarez-Uria, F. (1983). Miserbles and crazy: mental medicine and social order in nineteenth-century Spain. Barcelona. Edit. Tusquets.

[11] Foucault, Mn (1990). The Lives of infamous men. Madrid. Editions de La Piquette.

[12] op.

Things

Social education.